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As its name suggests, unitary window air conditioners consis...

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Understanding the Psychrometric Chart

Although engineers and technicians need to know how the valu...

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A supermarket may look like a large retail building, but the...

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One of the common reasons to adopt electronically commutated...

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What Is the Recurring HVAC Problem Nobody Has Fully Explaine...

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AS1668.2 2012 Appendix A Minimum OA

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Must find out why energy increased

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Use this swimming pool dehumidification load calculator to e...

Do Not Size Supermarket HVAC Like a Big ...

Open refrigerated cases continuously remove heat from superm...

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Use this calculator to estimate duct heat gain as a percenta...

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Use this calculator to calculate R-value and U-value from in...

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This worked example shows how to size a chiller for a commer...

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A claim of 50% energy savings sounds ambitious, particularly...

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Use this AS 1668.2 kitchen exhaust calculator to estimate mi...

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Use this calculator to quickly check or size ventilation lou...

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A chiller controls its capacity mainly by maintaining the le...

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 https://www.monodraught.com/https://greenhome.osu.edu/...

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Use this chiller power consumption calculator to estimate ch...

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Smoke exhaust design is not only about selecting a fan with ...

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Use this ground source heat pump size estimator to assess pr...

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AS1668.2 2012 Appendix A Minimum OA

Use this AS 1668.2 outdoor air ventilation rate look up tool...

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Many refrigeration condensers control capacity by switching ...

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Is Water Boiling Point always at 100°CThe temperature of...

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The principal role of air conditioning is to maintain a comf...

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Use this free HVAC Refrigeration P-H Diagram Calculator to b...

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Use this AS/NZS 5149 refrigerant charge limit calculator to ...

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Use this ground source heat pump size estimator to assess pr...

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BCA Climate Zone Interactive MapUse the ACBC climate map to ...

Must find out why energy increased

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Legacy AHU Supply air fan speed control ...

Legacy Supply Air Fan Speed Control, A Smarter Way to Save E...

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Use this evaporative cooler sizing calculator to estimate th...

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Defrost is necessary, over-defrosting is not! When frost acc...

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Practical Guide for Western Australian Food PremisesDesignin...

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Use this preliminary cooling load estimator to calculate an ...

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The reciprocating compressors (piston compressors or recip c...

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Use this pump motor power calculator to estimate the power r...

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Relationship Between Pressure and Temper...

Relationship between Pressure and Temperature If you lo...

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Space explorations to the moon, other planets, and beyond ha...

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We’ve seen that to vaporise R22, that is, to change it...

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Use this calculator to quickly check or size ventilation lou...

Why is my class room stale!

Those were the days my chief engineer checked all my designs...

Comparison with P, PI & PID

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Solar Absorption Chiller Sizing Calculat...

Use this calculator to estimate solar collector area, storag...

Relative Pressure and Absolute Pressure

Relative Pressure and Absolute PressureThe deeper divers go ...

Is Water a Good Refrigerant

Let’s remind ourselves of these two basic rules:There ...

Chiller Sizing Calculator

Use this chiller sizing calculator to estimate key HVAC chil...

Cooling Tower Sizing Calculator

Use this cooling tower sizing calculator helps estimate prel...

Legacy AHU Supply air fan speed control ...

Legacy Supply Air Fan Speed Control, A Smarter Way to Save E...

Do Not Size Supermarket HVAC Like a Big ...

Open refrigerated cases continuously remove heat from superm...

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Henry's Law and cavitationEver wondered why a perfectly ...

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Evaporator fans in supermarket walk-ins can run for very lon...

R290 Is Not Just a Refrigerant Change, I...

For the last decade or so, much of the refrigerant conversat...

Primary Secondary Chilled Water Decouple...

Why do primary secondary chilled water systems use a decoupl...

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Use this cooling tower water use calculator to estimate the ...

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Space explorations to the moon, other planets, and beyond ha...

Commercial Kitchen Ventilation Designs

Commercial Kitchen Ventilation DesignsAmong the frequent que...

Indoor pool and wellness centre

Use this indoor pool and wellness centre calculator to estim...

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Both AS 1668.2 and AS/NZS 3666.1 recognise that bringing out...

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Think back to the hot heat exchanger and the black grille be...

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TOTAL DEHUMIDIFIED IEC

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This stair pressurisation calculator estimates the prelimina...

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Why Suction Piping Geometry Matters More...

Think a vertical suction drop into a 90° elbow is harmle...

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Updated to NCC 2025(1) Piping, vessels, heat exchangers and ...

Predictive Maintenance and Condition Mon...

So, what is predictive maintenance? How do you use condition...

Calculate Fan Motor Power

Use this fan motor power calculator to estimate the power re...

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Use this evaporative cooler sizing calculator to estimate th...

Why Supermarket HVAC Is Different from N...

A supermarket may look like a large retail building, but the...

Why Every Installed Power Meter Should C...

A local power meter only shows what is happening at the exac...

Energy conservation with comfort

You may already be aware of the rising cost of energy and th...

So What is New in Refrigerant?

From CFCs to HFOs, how Refrigerant Policy Evolved from Ozone...

AS 1668.2 bathroom and toilet exhaust ve...

Use this AS 1668.2 bathroom and toilet exhaust ventilation c...

Is Water a Good Refrigerant

Let’s remind ourselves of these two basic rules:There ...

Louvre sizing calculator

Use this calculator to quickly check or size ventilation lou...

Cooling Coil Bypass Factor Calculator

Use this calculator to estimate cooling coil bypass factor u...

Room Pressurisation Leakage and Fan Airf...

Use this calculator to estimate the airflow required to main...

Is the Dark Staining Around Ceiling Diff...

Dark smudging around a ceiling diffuser is often blamed on m...

High Latent Load Dehumidification Reheat...

Use this calculator to check high latent load cooling and de...

Legacy AHU Supply air fan speed control ...

Legacy Supply Air Fan Speed Control, A Smarter Way to Save E...

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Commercial Kitchen Ventilation DesignsAmong the frequent que...

ERV energy recovery calculator

Use this HVAC air-to-air heat exchanger and ERV calculator t...

HVAC Sheet Metal Zinc Coating

Zinc coating selection is critical for HVAC sheet metal dura...

Chiller Sizing Example

This worked example shows how to size a chiller for a commer...

Air and human comfort

Space explorations to the moon, other planets, and beyond ha...

Design, construction and fit-out of food...

Practical Guide for Western Australian Food PremisesDesignin...

Relationship Between Pressure and Temper...

Relationship between Pressure and Temperature If you lo...

How to Size a Chiller

Sizing a chiller is more than selecting a machine with the s...

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Buffer tank sizing is not an arbitrary exercise. Typical gui...

Small in Window Air Conditioner Units In...

As its name suggests, unitary window air conditioners consis...

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Before we get ahead of ourselves, R22 will phase out in Aust...

Climate challenges ...

Climate change sits at the intersection of science, politics...

Laboratory Airflow Control Devices Air V...

How to verify the percentage of outside ...

Use this outside air percentage calculator to estimate how m...

Heat energy and change of phase

Heat energy and change of phaseComfort air conditioning syst...

AS 1668.2 2012 Car Park Exhaust Calculat...

Use this calculator to calculate the minimum exhaust airflow...

Room Noise Predictor From AHU to Diffuse...

Use this room noise predictor to estimate the expected noise...

Why Supermarket Refrigeration and HVAC M...

There is a tendency on some projects to treat refrigeration ...

Understanding the Psychrometric Chart

Although engineers and technicians need to know how the valu...

What is Refrigeration and Air Conditioni...

Are you looking to learn and take an air conditioning course...

What Happens in the Cold Heat Exchanger

Remember that R22 refrigerant vaporises at -42°C at atmo...

Temperature-Terminated Defrost Saves Ref...

Defrost is necessary, over-defrosting is not! When frost acc...

Ground Source Heat Pump Size Estimator

Use this ground source heat pump size estimator to assess pr...

Cooling Coil Bypass Factor Calculator

Use this calculator to estimate cooling coil bypass factor u...

Psychrometric calculator

Use this free HVAC Psychrometric Calculator to calculate moi...

The Role of the Expansion Device (TXV an...

In the instance of a bicycle pump experiment, you will notic...

Room Pressurisation Leakage and Fan Airf...

Use this calculator to estimate the airflow required to main...

Water Cooled Chiller Sizing Calculator

Use this water-cooled chiller sizing calculator to estimate ...

Lubricant Related Compressor Failures

If you strip away all the marketing noise around lubricants,...

Passive House (Haus) Designs, Heat Recov...

The rise of Passive House design has fundamentally reshaped ...

Water Cooled Chiller Sizing Calculator

Use this water-cooled chiller sizing calculator to estimate ...

Do Not Size Supermarket HVAC Like a Big ...

Open refrigerated cases continuously remove heat from superm...

What consultants must learn from Lacross...

Disclaimer: The below is provided for general information an...

Small in Window Air Conditioner Units In...

As its name suggests, unitary window air conditioners consis...

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Both AS 1668.2 and AS/NZS 3666.1 recognise that bringing out...

Dew Point Control for Supermarket Refrig...

Relative humidity changes when air temperature changes. Dew ...

Evaporative cooler sizing

Use this evaporative cooler sizing calculator to estimate th...

Calculate Pump Motor Power

Use this pump motor power calculator to estimate the power r...

AS1668.2 2012 Appendix A Minimum OA

Use this AS 1668.2 outdoor air ventilation rate look up tool...

R290 Is Not Just a Refrigerant Change, I...

For the last decade or so, much of the refrigerant conversat...

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Use this indoor pool and wellness centre calculator to estim...

Gas Detectors-Ammonia Refrigerant

AS 1668.2 Kitchen Exhaust Calculator

Use this AS 1668.2 kitchen exhaust calculator to estimate mi...

Psychrometric calculator

Use this free HVAC Psychrometric Calculator to calculate moi...

What Happens in the Cold Heat Exchanger

Remember that R22 refrigerant vaporises at -42°C at atmo...

Commercial Kitchen Ventilation Designs

Commercial Kitchen Ventilation DesignsAmong the frequent que...

HVAC calculators and Estimators

Free HVAC calculators and estimators for cooling, heating, a...

Refrigeration Cycle P-H Diagram Calculat...

Use this free HVAC Refrigeration P-H Diagram Calculator to b...

Room pressurisation calculator

Calculate the airflow needed to maintain positive or negativ...

Chiller Sizing Example

This worked example shows how to size a chiller for a commer...

Split System Air Conditioners Installati...

The split system air conditioner has two parts: the indoor a...

How to size buffer tank

Buffer tank sizing is not an arbitrary exercise. Typical gui...

Coastal Corrosion of OA Dampers and Louv...

In a coastal environment, airborne salt settles on surfaces....

Heat energy and change of phase

Heat energy and change of phaseComfort air conditioning syst...

Dew Point Control for Supermarket Refrig...

Relative humidity changes when air temperature changes. Dew ...

Room Pressurisation Leakage and Fan Airf...

Use this calculator to estimate the airflow required to main...

Cost Saving Electronically Commutated (E...

One of the common reasons to adopt electronically commutated...

Room pressurisation calculator

Calculate the airflow needed to maintain positive or negativ...

High Latent Load Dehumidification Reheat...

Use this calculator to check high latent load cooling and de...

Cooling Coil Bypass Factor Calculator

Use this calculator to estimate cooling coil bypass factor u...

Connecting a 50hz induction motor and ru...

What happens if connecting a 50hz induction motor to 60hz po...

Is Water a Good Refrigerant

Let’s remind ourselves of these two basic rules:There ...

Mould growth provisions for NCC 2022

Mould Growth Provisions for NCC 2022First published in Linke...

What Happens in the Cold Heat Exchanger

Remember that R22 refrigerant vaporises at -42°C at atmo...

Design, construction and fit-out of food...

Practical Guide for Western Australian Food PremisesDesignin...

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As its name suggests, unitary window air conditioners consis...

Relative Pressure and Absolute Pressure

Relative Pressure and Absolute PressureThe deeper divers go ...

Engineering innovation, is creativity th...

Engineering is often seen as a discipline of rules, standard...

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Far-UVC Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI)What do you...

AS 1668.2 Minimum Outdoor Airflow Rate C...

Use this AS 1668.2 Minimum Outdoor Airflow Rate Calculator t...

Constant Airflow Regulator

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AS 1668.2 2012 Car Park Exhaust Calculat...

Use this calculator to calculate the minimum exhaust airflow...

Spring isolator compression and equipmen...

A spring isolator can remain under a machine, carrying its w...

Transfer Duct Sizing Calculator

Use this calculator to estimate the total pressure drop acro...

Safety-in-designs

Safety in design is not only about whether the HVAC system w...

Evaporative cooler sizing

Use this evaporative cooler sizing calculator to estimate th...

What do you want from your BMS 1/3

Fresh out of uni back in the days, sitting on some cement ba...

Primary-Secondary Pumping, Flow, Mixing,...

Use this primary-secondary pumping calculator to check how f...

Infrared heating

When you walk into a warehouse or sports arena with high-bay...

Water use by cooling towers

Use this cooling tower water use calculator to estimate the ...

Walk-In Doors, Small Openings, Large Ref...

A walk-in cooler or freezer door is a hole in the thermal en...

Why Condenser Coil Fins Flaking and Fall...

When condenser fins become brittle, flake and fall apart whe...

Gas Detectors-Ammonia Refrigerant

Properties of air-psychrometry

Air is the medium with which buildings are cooled and heated...

Refrigerant R22

Before we get ahead of ourselves, R22 will phase out in Aust...

How Store Humidity Affects Refrigeration...

High ambient humidity in a supermarket isn't just an HVA...

Fabric Duct Sizing Calculator

Use this fabric duct calculator to estimate the duct size of...

Air and human comfort

Space explorations to the moon, other planets, and beyond ha...

Primary Secondary Chilled Water Decouple...

Why do primary secondary chilled water systems use a decoupl...

Understanding the Psychrometric Chart

Although engineers and technicians need to know how the valu...

Commercial Kitchen Ventilation Designs

Commercial Kitchen Ventilation DesignsAmong the frequent que...

Why Your High Efficient Condensing Boile...

Now that you have installed the high-efficiency condensing b...

Refrigerant Pipe Sizings

Refrigerant pipe sizingsSuction line velocity: 4.5m/s to max...

Engineering innovation, is creativity th...

Engineering is often seen as a discipline of rules, standard...

Calculate Fan Motor Power

Use this fan motor power calculator to estimate the power re...

Outdoor-Air Intake Location and Indoor A...

Both AS 1668.2 and AS/NZS 3666.1 recognise that bringing out...

Fire rated sealants

Fire-rated sealants are required where services, pipes, duct...

Heat transfer

Air conditioning is concerned with heat flow processes. Heat...

What do you want from your BMS 2/3

Before I answer the question, let’s look at the diagra...

Anti-Sweat Heater Control for Refrigerat...

The surface temperature of refrigerated-case glass doors and...

Evaporative Condenser Access and Mainten...

Providing safety access platforms for evaporative condensers...

What is Condenser in Air Conditioning Sy...

The air-cooled condenser is a heat exchanger. What is the fu...

Why Supermarket HVAC Is Different from N...

A supermarket may look like a large retail building, but the...

Plate Heat Exchanger Sizing Calculator

Use this liquid plate heat exchanger sizing calculator to es...

Refrigerated Case Doors the Energy and H...

Glass doors are one of the most visible changes occurring in...

Primary Secondary Chilled Water Decouple...

Why do primary secondary chilled water systems use a decoupl...

AS 1668.4 Natural Ventilation Opening Ar...

Use this calculator to estimate minimum natural ventilation ...

What is Boiling

The first step to understanding how the air conditioning ref...

Solar PV Air Conditioner Sizing

Use this calculator to calculate how many solar panels are r...

Room Noise Predictor From AHU to Diffuse...

Use this room noise predictor to estimate the expected noise...

HVAC Duct Sizing Calculator

Use this calculator to calculate HVAC duct sizes using equal...

Carpark exhaust control

AS 1668.2 2012 Car Park Exhaust Calculat...

Use this calculator to calculate the minimum exhaust airflow...

The Physiological Basis for Air Conditio...

Seasonal extremes of heat and cold are often outside the ran...

Relative Pressure and Absolute Pressure

Relative Pressure and Absolute PressureThe deeper divers go ...

BCA Climate Zone Interactive Map

BCA Climate Zone Interactive MapUse the ACBC climate map to ...

Understanding the Psychrometric Chart

Although engineers and technicians need to know how the valu...

Where 70–80% of the Refrigeration Load C...

The largest refrigeration loads on an open vertical refriger...

Laboratory Airflow Control Devices Air V...

Commercial Kitchen Ventilation Designs

Commercial Kitchen Ventilation DesignsAmong the frequent que...

Air and human comfort

Space explorations to the moon, other planets, and beyond ha...

Emergency Warning and Intercommunication...

What do you want from your BMS 1/3

Fresh out of uni back in the days, sitting on some cement ba...

Spring isolator compression and equipmen...

A spring isolator can remain under a machine, carrying its w...

Do Not Size Supermarket HVAC Like a Big ...

Open refrigerated cases continuously remove heat from superm...

Where 70–80% of the Refrigeration Load C...

The largest refrigeration loads on an open vertical refriger...

Your BMS Shows Everything Is Running But...

A building management system can show every major item of HV...

Cooling Coil Bypass Factor Calculator

Use this calculator to estimate cooling coil bypass factor u...

The Evaporation of R22

Let’s take a cylinder of R22 at an ambient temperature...

Heat energy and change of phase

Heat energy and change of phaseComfort air conditioning syst...

Duct Heat Gain and R-Value Insulation Ca...

Use this calculator to estimate duct heat gain as a percenta...

HVAC Duct Sizing Calculator

Use this calculator to calculate HVAC duct sizes using equal...

Why the Coldest Case Shouldn't Dictate t...

A supermarket may contain frozen food, ice cream, dairy, mea...

Room pressurisation calculator

Calculate the airflow needed to maintain positive or negativ...

Transfer Duct Sizing Calculator

Use this calculator to estimate the total pressure drop acro...

Ground Source Heat Pump Size Estimator

Use this ground source heat pump size estimator to assess pr...

Properties of air-psychrometry

Air is the medium with which buildings are cooled and heated...

So What is New in Refrigerant?

From CFCs to HFOs, how Refrigerant Policy Evolved from Ozone...

High Latent Load Dehumidification Reheat...

Use this calculator to check high latent load cooling and de...

Why Condenser Coil Fins Flaking and Fall...

When condenser fins become brittle, flake and fall apart whe...

Where Does the Energy Actually Go in a S...

Before trying to save energy, it helps to know where it is b...

Mould growth provisions for NCC 2022

Mould Growth Provisions for NCC 2022First published in Linke...

Room Pressurisation Leakage and Fan Airf...

Use this calculator to estimate the airflow required to main...

How a chiller controls its capacity and ...

A chiller controls its capacity mainly by maintaining the le...

UN SDGs, good intentions, wrong priority...

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs), ...

Refrigerated Case Doors the Energy and H...

Glass doors are one of the most visible changes occurring in...

Wet bulb depression efficiency-evaporati...

For those who have been to Malaysia, the first thing you eve...

The Physiological Basis for Air Conditio...

Seasonal extremes of heat and cold are often outside the ran...